Archive for the ‘DNA’ Category

The DNA replication process can be a source of genetic instability. As shown in this study, researchers from the Department of Genetics at the University of Seville, a defective deposition of histones leads to recombinagenic structure formation during replication of DNA generated by such genomic instability. Read the rest of this entry »

Many studies on gene therapy are directed to the development of efficient vectors for gene transfer. In recent years, there is increasing interest in nonviral vectors because, despite the undeniable efficiency of viral vectors in the transfer of DNA, they have limitations associated, as are the difficult achievement of viral particles titles high, and biological safety risks, such as induction of immune responses, insertional mutagenesis or reversion phenomena. In the context of this growing concern about the potential dangers of using viral vectors, researchers from the Autonomous University of Barcelona publish their work on potential non-viral vectors that provide more security to the process of introducing therapeutic nucleotide sequences. Read the rest of this entry »

To maintain genomic stability, mammalian cells require the action of five proteins encoded by paralogous genes to that of RAD51, a molecule involved in DNA repair, implying orquesrado operation of certain protective mechanisms.

In previous work on RAD51 protein, essential in homologous recombination, has established its relationship to repair mechanisms. Their action, in response to gene damage depends on BRCA2 (protein related to breast cancer) and a series of proteins (RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2 and XRCC3), known as the RAD51 paralogues. The paralogy, understood as a degree of specialization adopted by horizontally related genes, can deliver a complete answer to the questions raised in this paper. Read the rest of this entry »

The yeast MAP kinase Hog1 coordinates the transcriptional program required for cell survival upon osmotic stress, although the mechanisms by which these kinesis regulate gene expression are not clearly defined. The group at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra led by Francesc Posas had already described two different control mechanisms of gene expression by MAP kinesis: direct modification of transcription factors and direct recruitment to specific promoters by the MAP kinase RNA complex Polii. In this new work shows that the MAP kinase Hog1 induces gene expression in response to stress, through a mechanism involving recruitment of the complex of the his tone deacetylase Rpd3-Sin3 to promoters of genes regulated by osmotic stress. Read the rest of this entry »

Biochemistry as a science, is making a trip from physiological conditions to extreme testing environments, in which the behavioral rules derived from the study of hydrated systems may not be valid. One example is DNA chips, popular in genomic studies, based on the assumption (not proven) that the structure of DNA and pattern recognition are equal when the molecule is Now Go in aqueous solution or bound to a cationic membrane . Proteomics, an emerging area of research revolves around the use of mass spectroscopy apparatus, in which the macromolecules are injected into the gas phase at high pressures and temperatures.

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The bacterial conjugation, the main route for horizontal gene transfer to prokaryotes, is a quick way for the evolution of bacterial genomes leading to organisms with new ecological or pathogenic characteristics. The acquisition of antibiotic resistance by pathogens is related to the conjugal transfer of mobile genetic elements. The transfer of genes between kingdoms, from bacteria to plants and fungi, are special cases of conjugation and even in cell division and sporulation, there are similar mechanisms for transfer.

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Cancer, such as biological process that goes beyond the laws of development and cellular growth, requires relocation process and investigate molecular mechanisms that lead to uncontrolled cell division, genomic instability and tumor development. The identification of these new patterns of growth and development can be very important to understand and combat processes tumorogénesis.1 It appears from research such as referenced here, the Cdc6 and other cellular components are joined, forming complexes prerreplicativos before initiated DNA duplication. Read the rest of this entry »

The known function until Protein securina is to prevent sister chromatids to separate prematurely before they are each anchored properly to spindle microtubules. This function is performed by the securina separate them interacting with the enzyme and inhibiting its proteolytic activity. Once the sister chromatids are properly arranged and anchored in the equatorial plane, the securina is ubiquitin and degraded, releasing to separate them, which then digests the cohesin Scc1. The Scc1 protein digestion results in the destabilization of the protein complex that holds the chromatids and allows their distribution to each of the cell poles. The premature separation of chromosomes can cause an abnormal distribution and occurrence of aneuploidy. Read the rest of this entry »